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THE BRAINSTEM:
MEDULLA:
This is an essential portion of the brain stem which maintains vital body functions such as the heart rate and breathing.
PONS:
This links to the cerebellum to help with posture and movement. It interprets information that is used in sensory analysis or motor control. The pons also creates the level of consciousness necessary for sleep.
CEREBELLUM:
This controls essential body functions such as balance, posture and coordination, allowing humans to move properly and maintain their structure.
MIDBRAIN:
RETICULAR FORMATION: This part of the brain exerts control over which sensory signals reach the cerebrum and come to our conscious attention. It plays a central role in states of consciousness like alertness and sleep.
THE LIMBIC SYSTEM:
HYPOTHALAMUS:
This region of the brain controls mood, thirst, hunger and temperature. It also contains glands which control the hormonal processes throughout the body.
HIPPOCAMPUS:
This portion of the brain is used for learning memory, specifically converting temporary memories into permanent memories which can be stored within the brain. The hippocampus also helps people analyze and remember spatial relationships, allowing for accurate movements.
PITUITARY GLAND:
This gland is part of the endocrine system and produces critical hormones, which are chemical substances that control various bodily functions.
AMYGDALA:
This helps the body responds to emotions, memories and fear. It is a large portion of the telencephalon, located within the temporal lobe which can be seen from the surface of the brain.
THE CEREBRAL CORTEX:
TEMPORAL LOBE:
This lobe controls visual and auditory memories. It includes areas that help manage some speech and hearing capabilities, behavioral elements, and language. It is located in the cerebral hemisphere.
OCCIPITAL LOBE:
This lobe is located in the cerebral hemisphere in the back of the head. It helps to control vision.
PARIETAL LOBE:
This lobe focuses on comprehension. Visual functions, language, reading, internal stimuli, tactile sensation and sensory comprehension will be monitored here.
FRONTAL LOBE:
This lobe controls creative thought, problem solving, intellect, judgement, behavior, attention, abstract thinking, physical reactions, muscle movements, coordinated control and personality.
CORPUS CALLOSUM:
Connects the 2 halves of the brain. People can continue to function when damage to this area occurs.
The brain communicates with the rest of the body and the spinal cord through cranial nerves. There are twelve cranial nerves. The olfactory nerve controls smell, the optic nerve controls sight, the oculomotor nerve moves the eye and the pupil, the trochlear nerve moves the eye, the trigeminal nerve controls face sensation, the abducens nerve controls the eye, the facial nerve moves the face and controls salivation, the vestibulocochlear nerve control hearing and balance, the glossopharyngeal nerve controls tasting and swallowing, the vagus nerve controls heart rate and digestion, the accessory nerve moves the head, and the hypoglossal nerve moves the tongue.
The brain is protected by layers of tissues including the dura mater, the arachnoid mater and the pia mater. These three layers are called the meningues. The dura mater is the thickest layer that lines the skull, while the arachnoid mater is thinner and weblike and the pia matter hugs the folds and grooves of the brain.
Blood is brought into the brain by two paired arteries, the carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries, however, most of the blood supply is brought by the carotid.
The brain is not made out of the just nerve cells there is also many glia cells, that are designed to protect and provide the neurons with nourishment.
MEDULLA:
This is an essential portion of the brain stem which maintains vital body functions such as the heart rate and breathing.
PONS:
This links to the cerebellum to help with posture and movement. It interprets information that is used in sensory analysis or motor control. The pons also creates the level of consciousness necessary for sleep.
CEREBELLUM:
This controls essential body functions such as balance, posture and coordination, allowing humans to move properly and maintain their structure.
MIDBRAIN:
RETICULAR FORMATION: This part of the brain exerts control over which sensory signals reach the cerebrum and come to our conscious attention. It plays a central role in states of consciousness like alertness and sleep.
THE LIMBIC SYSTEM:
HYPOTHALAMUS:
This region of the brain controls mood, thirst, hunger and temperature. It also contains glands which control the hormonal processes throughout the body.
HIPPOCAMPUS:
This portion of the brain is used for learning memory, specifically converting temporary memories into permanent memories which can be stored within the brain. The hippocampus also helps people analyze and remember spatial relationships, allowing for accurate movements.
PITUITARY GLAND:
This gland is part of the endocrine system and produces critical hormones, which are chemical substances that control various bodily functions.
AMYGDALA:
This helps the body responds to emotions, memories and fear. It is a large portion of the telencephalon, located within the temporal lobe which can be seen from the surface of the brain.
THE CEREBRAL CORTEX:
TEMPORAL LOBE:
This lobe controls visual and auditory memories. It includes areas that help manage some speech and hearing capabilities, behavioral elements, and language. It is located in the cerebral hemisphere.
OCCIPITAL LOBE:
This lobe is located in the cerebral hemisphere in the back of the head. It helps to control vision.
PARIETAL LOBE:
This lobe focuses on comprehension. Visual functions, language, reading, internal stimuli, tactile sensation and sensory comprehension will be monitored here.
FRONTAL LOBE:
This lobe controls creative thought, problem solving, intellect, judgement, behavior, attention, abstract thinking, physical reactions, muscle movements, coordinated control and personality.
CORPUS CALLOSUM:
Connects the 2 halves of the brain. People can continue to function when damage to this area occurs.
The brain communicates with the rest of the body and the spinal cord through cranial nerves. There are twelve cranial nerves. The olfactory nerve controls smell, the optic nerve controls sight, the oculomotor nerve moves the eye and the pupil, the trochlear nerve moves the eye, the trigeminal nerve controls face sensation, the abducens nerve controls the eye, the facial nerve moves the face and controls salivation, the vestibulocochlear nerve control hearing and balance, the glossopharyngeal nerve controls tasting and swallowing, the vagus nerve controls heart rate and digestion, the accessory nerve moves the head, and the hypoglossal nerve moves the tongue.
The brain is protected by layers of tissues including the dura mater, the arachnoid mater and the pia mater. These three layers are called the meningues. The dura mater is the thickest layer that lines the skull, while the arachnoid mater is thinner and weblike and the pia matter hugs the folds and grooves of the brain.
Blood is brought into the brain by two paired arteries, the carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries, however, most of the blood supply is brought by the carotid.
The brain is not made out of the just nerve cells there is also many glia cells, that are designed to protect and provide the neurons with nourishment.